NASA Instrument and Sensing Technology

NASA Space

Instrument and Sensing Technology

Space Mission Acronym List and Hyperlink Guide

(S through T)


NOTICE: Because this page had grown so large (~168K), I have split it into 14 pages (including this page for acronyms beginning with S and T). Some direct, named links will no longer work. If you are looking for information about a particular mission, please select the appropriate file from the following alphabetical listing. If you cannot find information on the mission you are looking for, you may find some information in the Pages with Information on Many Missions list.

SPACE MISSIONS

S71-2 -- SESP 71-2

Launched October 17, 1971. See also ASTEX for possible links.

SAC -- Satelite de Aplicaciones Cientificas

See SAC-A, SAC-B, and SAC-C.

SAC-A -- Satelite de Aplicaciones Cientificas - A

The payload "SAC-A" was launched from a Hitchhiker Canister (5 cu. ft. "GAS" canister, equipped with an opening door) on STS-88 in December 1998. For more information on STS missions see the Shuttle listing.

SAC-B -- Satelite de Aplicaciones Cientificas - B

The Orbital Sciences Corp. Pegasus XL launch occurred November 4, 1996 at approximately 12:09 p.m. EST offshore from NASA's Wallops Flight Facility, Wallops Island, VA. The Pegasus vehicle achieved the desired orbit of 265 nautical miles by 297 nautical miles at an inclination of 38 degrees. Analysis of the launch shows that the Orbital Sciences Corporation's Pegasus XL third stage failed to separate from the satellites. SAC-B comprised one half of the rocket payload. The other half was the HETE satellite.

SAC-C -- Satelite de Aplicaciones Cientificas - C

The SAC-C spacecraft is co-manifested with a second payload (EO-1) being developed under the New Millennium Program. The launch vehicle is a Taurus XL and, for planning purposes, the launch will occur in May 1999 (from an August 30, 1996 EO-1 page).

SAGE/AEM-2 -- Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment Applications Explorer Mission

Launched February 18, 1979 on Scout 99 from WFF (reentered April 11, 1989). Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment Applications Explorer Mission to map vertical profiles of ozone, aerosol, nitrogen dioxide, and Rayleight molecular extinction around the globe. See also AEM.

SAM -- Submillimeter Astrophysics Mission

Submillimeter mission concept that replaced the SMIM concept in 1994.

SAM/FIRST -- Submillimeter Astrophysics Mission/Far Infrared and Submillemtre Space Telescope

Proposed joint mission, merging the proposed U.S. SAM and European FIRST missions.

SAMPEX -- Solar, Anomalous and Magnetospheric Particle Explorer

Launched July 3, 1992. See also EXPLORER and SMEX.

SAPPHIRE -- Stanford Audio Phonic PHotographic InfraRed Experiment

SAX -- Satellite per Astronomia a raggi X

Italian spelling of X-Ray Astronomy Satellite. The Italian-Dutch SAX Satellite, scheduled for launch in early 1996, is intended as a bridge between the second generation satellites and the third generation which will be established with NASA's Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility AXAF and ESA's X-ray Multi Mirror XMM satellites.

SBIS -- Space Based Infared System

From Space News: "The U.S. Air Force's $179 million Space Based Infared System (SBIS) Low Earth Orbit (LEO) contract with Rockwell Int. is for the design, development, test, launch and operation of a flight experiment satellite."

SeaSat

Launched June 28, 1978 on an Atlas-Agena rocket from Vandenberg Air Force Base, California.

SEASTAR

The SeaStar spacecraft, developed by Orbital Sciences Corporation (OSC), carrys the SeaWiFS instrument and was launched to low Earth orbit on board an extended Orbital Sciences Corp. Pegasus launch vehicle on August 1, 1997.

SeaWiFS -- Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor

See also SEASTAR

SFU -- Space Flyer Unit

The Infrared Telescope in Space (IRTS), the first Japanese orbiting telescope dedicated to infrared astronomy, will be launched aboard Japan's Space Flyer Unit (SFU) on March 15, 1995 from Japan.

Space Shuttle

Also known as NSTS - National Space Transportation System and STS - Space Transportation System. Individual shuttles are known by their Orbiter Vehicle (OV) numbers.

Space Shuttle -- ATMOS - Atmospheric Trace Molecule Spectroscopy

Space Shuttle -- LITE - Lidar In-Space Technology Experiment

Space Shuttle -- MAPS - Measurement of Air Pollution from Satellites

Space Shuttle -- ODERACS

Space Shuttle -- Shuttle Imaging Radar (SIR)

Space Shuttle -- SITE -- Stellar Interferometer Tracking Experiment

Space Shuttle -- Small Payloads

Space Shuttle -- SPACELAB

SIM -- Space Interferometry Mission

Also see Origins for more information.

SIRTF -- Space Infrared Telescope Facility

One of the four Great Observatories:

Skylab

Launched on May 14, 1973.

SMEX -- Small Explorer

See also Explorer.

SMI -- Stereo Magnetospheric Imager

SMIM -- Submillimeter Intermediate Mission

Submillimeter mission concept that replaced the SMMM concept in 1991 and was replaced by the SAM concept in 1994.

SMIM/FIRST -- Submillimeter Intermediate Mission/Far Infrared and Submillimetre Space Telescope

Proposed joint mission, merging the proposed U.S. SMIM and European FIRST missions. Now called SAM/FIRST.

SMM -- Solar Maximum Mission

Launched on February 14, 1980 and rescued and repaired by a 1984 Space Shuttle Challenger mission.

SMMM -- Submillimeter Moderate Mission

Submillimeter mission concept proposed in 1990 as a smaller alternative to the LDR concept. Replaced by the SMIM concept in 1991.

SMS

I need to confirm this, but I think that SMS stands for Space Meterological Satellite, and that they were developed by NASA to demonstrate technology for NOAA. SMS-1 was launched May 17, 1974 and proved geostationary imaging was feasible. SMS-2 was launched February 6, 1975. The first NOAA funded GOES was launched in October 1975.

SNOE -- Student Nitric Oxide Explorer

See STEDI

SOHO -- Solar and Heliospheric Observatory

Launched December 2, 1995 on an Atlas launch vehicle. NASA's contributions to Geotail, SOHO, and Cluster are referred to as the COSTR Program.

SOI -- Solar Oscillations Investigation

This is not a separate mission, but is an investigation that uses the Michelson Doppler Imager (MDI) instrument on SOHO.

Sojourner

For more information see Mars Pathfinder.

SOLAR

For SOLAR-A see Yohkoh, see also SOLAR-B.

SOLAR-A

See Yohkoh.

SOLAR-B

Solar-B is an ISAS mission proposed as a follow-on to the highly successful Japan/US/UK Yohkoh (Solar-A) collaboration. Solar-B is planned to start in FY99, launch in FY04, and operate for at least 3 years.

SolarBlade -- Solar Blade

See Nanosat.

Solar Probe

SPARCLE -- SPAce Readiness Coherent Lidar Experiment

The now cancelled second Earth Observation (EO-2) mission under the New Millennium Program.

SPOT -- listed as either "Satellite pour l'Observation de la Terre" or "Systeme Probatoire d'Observation de la Terre"

SQUIRT

Earlier name for SAPPHIRE.

SS -- Solar Sentinels

SSF -- Space Station Freedom

See ISSA

SSTI -- Small Spacecraft Technology Initiative

See also Lewis and Clark.

ST-5 -- Space Technology Five

The fifth NMP ST mission is called Nanosat Constellation Trailblazer. Earlier NMP missions focused on Space Science technology demonstration needs were called "DS" for "Deep Space" (see for example DS-1), future ones are called "ST" for "Space Technology."

Stardust

Launch period: January 1 to February 19, 1999. Selected as a Discovery mission in November 1995.

STARS -- Seismic Telescope for Astrophysical Research from Space

Proposed ESA 1-meter class telescope mission to observe "star quakes" on distant stars, providing information on stellar life cycles and internal structure. STARS was one of the five M3 Missions selected for Phase A study in 1994. In November 1996 ESA selected COBRAS/SAMBA as the next Horizon 2000 medium size mission M3. After the mission was selected, it was renamed PLANCK

Starshine

The first Starshine was deployed from the Space Shuttle (STS-96), which launched from the Kennedy Space Center on May 27, 1999. The second Starshine is planned for STS-107.

Space Station

See ISSA -- International Space Station Alpha.

STEDI -- Student Explorer Demonstration Initiative

Stentor

French (CNES) Communications Technology Demonstrator Spacecraft planned for launch in 1999.

STEP

Both a proposed european mission and a series of US Air Force test satellites.

STEP -- Space Test Experiment Platform

STEP-0 was launched in March 13, 1994 (co-manifested with DARPASAT), STEP-2 (1994-029A) was launched on a Pegasus laucher on the 19th May 1994, STEP-1 was lost in June 1994 when the first flight on the Pegasus XL failed, STEP-3 was carried on the second flight of the Pegasus XL, which failed in 1995, and STEP-4 and STEP-5 are planned for a single launch.

STEP -- Satellite Test of the Equivalence Principle

Proposed ESA mission to test the equivalence principle, fundamental to Einstein's theory of general relativity. STEP was one of the five M3 Missions selected for Phase A study in 1994. In November 1996 ESA selected COBRAS/SAMBA as the next Horizon 2000 medium size mission M3. After the mission was selected, it was renamed PLANCK.

STEREO -- Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory

STS -- Space Transportation System

See Shuttle.

SU -- Suess-Urey

Studied under the Discovery Program leading to a fall 1995 downselect, and not selected for development and flight (Stardust was selected). See Discovery for more information.

SUNSAT -- Stellenbosch University Satellite

SUNSAT is scheduled for launch in early August 1997 by NASA from the Vandenberg Launch Base in California, USA. The launch vehicle will be a DELTA II launcher during mission P-91. Along with SUNSAT there will be a satellite from the USAF and a Danish micro satellite, Ørsted. I understand that SUNSAT will carry a version of the Turbo Rogue GPS receiver currently flying on MicroLab-1.

SURFSAT - Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship SATellite

SURFSAT-1 launched in November 4, 1995, on a Delta II launch vehicle as a secondary payload with RADARSAT. SURFSAT-2 is a proposed secondary payload on a LANDSAT launch (I'm not yet sure if this is the selected mission, or one possible SURFSAT-2 mission).

Surveyor

NASA followed the Ranger series of the 1960s, which crash-landed into the Moon, with the Surveyor spacecraft intended to soft-land on Earth's natural satellite. The series debuted on May 31, 1966, when Surveyor 1 was launched toward the Moon. Six more Surveyors were launched through January 7, 1968, with five successful landings in all. Surveyors 1, 3, 5 and 6 landed on maria -- or bays -- near the Moon's equator. Surveyor 7 landed on the highlands just north of Tycho's crater.

See also Mars Surveyor.

SWAS -- Submillimeter Wave Astronomy Satellite

Originally scheduled for July 3, 1995; delayed due to problems with the Pegasus XL launch vehicle. SWAS is now on the Pegasas manifest for January 1999. That was when it would fit on the manifest given the launch vehicle and programmatic consraints. See also EXPLORER and SMEX.

SXG -- Spectrum-X-Gamma

TD-1A

See ESRO. TD-1A was launched in March 1972. This mission explored Space, analysing the ultraviolet radiation from some 15 thousand stars.

TechSat

TechSat 21 -- Technology Satellite of the 21st Century

TERRIERS -- Tomographic Experiment using Radiative Recombinative Ionospheric EUV and Radio Sources

See STEDI.

3CornerSat -- Three Corner Satellite Constellation

See Nanosat.

TIMED -- Thermosphere, Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics

TIROS -- Television Infrared Observing System -or- Television Infrared Observation Satellite

The first TIROS was launched on April 1, 1960.

TOMS

TOMS is both the name of an instrument that has flown and will fly on several spacecraft (e.g., NIMBUS, Meteor, ADEOS), and the name of spacecraft that will carry the TOMS instrument as an Earth Probe. The Earth Probe TOMS was launched July 2, 1996 on a Orbital Sciences Corp. Pegasus XL launch vehicle.

TOPEX/Poseidon

Topex/Poseidon was launched on Aug. 10, 1992 by an Ariane 42P booster rocket from the Arianespace Guiana Space Center in Kourou, French Guiana.

TOPS -- Towards Other Planetary Systems

See ExNPS.

TRACE -- Transitional Region and Coronal Explorer

Scheduled for launch in 1997 to observe the Sun to study the connection between its magnetic fields and the heating of the Sun's corona. See also EXPLORER and SMEX.

TRMM -- Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission

An Earth Probe scheduled for launch November 1, 1997 (as of June 1997).

AIRCRAFT/BALLOON MISSIONS

Airborne Missions

SOFIA -- Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy

The SOFIA project is currently being considered for funding which will result in a fiscal year 1996 new start. With that scenario, the observatory would begin flight operations by the year 2000.

Theseus

Theseus is a prototype robotic aircraft being developed for NASA's Mission to Planet Earth. Theseus is designed to carry atmospheric sensors on long duration missions at high altitude. The Theseus first flight was on May 24, 1996.

TOPSAR


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Created September 19, 1996. Last full update: August 28, 1997 (additional, minor updates as late as September 6, 2000). Due to changing job assignments, I no longer actively maintain this page, and no one has taken over. I will continue to correct problems on a best effort basis.

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Gordon.Johnston@hq.nasa.gov

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